UL i roto i ngā Takirere

I. He aha te tiwhikete UL? He aha i hiahiatia ai tēnei e te takirere?

He whakahaere tiwhikete haumaru motuhake rongonui o te ao a UL (Underwriters Laboratories). I te mākete o Amerika Te Raki, kāore te kāwanatanga e whakahau i te tiwhikete UL, engari he "kāri urunga" mō te tiaki ahi, te hau, te whakahaere ahumahi me ētahi atu mara. He maha ngā tono kaupapa o Amerika e kī ana "Me rārangi UL te takirere". Mō ngā takirere, e tohu ana kua tutuki i te hua ngā paerewa pakari mō te haumaru hiko, te mōrearea ahi me ngā āhuatanga mahi tino kino. He tohu matua tēnei mō te urunga ki te mākete teitei i Amerika Te Raki me te whai wāhi ki te tono kaupapa.

Tuarua.He aha ngā paerewa e tino hāngai ana te tiwhikete UL mō ngā takirere?

He rerekē ngā paerewa e pā ana ki ngā takirere mō ngā kaupapa rerekē:

- UL 429:Mō ngā takirere e whakahaerehia ana e te hiko (pēnei i ngā takirere solenoid), aromatawaihia tō rātou whakamarumaru hiko, te pikinga o te pāmahana, te roa o te koiri, me ētahi atu.

- UL 842:He takirere whakahaere ā-ringa, pēhanga, pāmahana rānei e kapi ana i ngā wai mura me ngā wai mura (penehīni, tīhiera, wahie, me ētahi atu).

- Ngā takirere ahi: ngā takirere kuaha, ngā takirere pūrerehua, takirere tirotirome ētahi atu me tutuki i ngā paerewa UL 262, UL 1091 me ētahi atu, ā, kei roto i ngā whakamātautau ko ngā whakatauira taiao pānga pehanga teitei me te ahi. Hei tāpiri, kei reira ngā paerewa motuhake pērā i te UL 842B mō ngā takirere tīhiera/koiora tīhiera.

III.He aha te kaupapa matua o te whakamātautau tiwhikete UL?

Ko te kaupapa matua ko te manatoko i te "haumarutanga kino rawa atu". Haunga te ātete ki te pēhanga me te hiri, me aro nui ki:

- Haumaru hiko:te whakamarumaru o te koiri, ngā momo rahunga, ngā āhuatanga o te ngaronga o te mana.

- Ngā āhuatanga mahi tino kino:ngā āheinga whakahaere me te mahi tawhito o ngā rauemi i roto i te awhe pāmahana mai i te -29°C ki te 52°C.

- Haumaru-kore:e whakatauira ana i te mōrearea o te mahi hē, o te koroheketanga rānei o ngā rauemi.